CYBERSECURITY FOR VEHICLES: CHALLENGES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES

Abstract

The proliferation of self-driving vehicles (AVs) is on an exponential trajectory, promising to revolutionize transportation. However, AVs' increasing connectivity and complexity also pose significant cybersecurity challenges. In this comprehensive review of "Cybersecurity for Autonomous Vehicles," we delve into the unique challenges that autonomous vehicles (AVs) face regarding cybersecurity. The evolution of AVs necessitates an extensive discussion of the potential threats they may encounter and the strategies to mitigate these risks. The article addresses software vulnerabilities, hardware attacks, sensor attacks, and AI model attacks that threaten AV cybersecurity. The mitigation strategies are also examined, including implementing advanced intrusion detection systems, hardware security modules, secure sensor fusion techniques, adversarial training of AI models, and the need for cybersecurity awareness and training. We highlight the significance of international standards like ISO/SAE 21434 and WP.29 in cybersecurity risk management. Moreover, the article investigates the socio-economic implications of ethical and legal concerns surrounding AV cybersecurity. Furthermore, the article provides insights into the future outlook of AV cybersecurity, emphasizing the importance of continued research, development, and international collaboration in this domain. We conclude by asserting that the proactive and comprehensive handling of cybersecurity issues is crucial to gaining public trust and ensuring the successful integration of AVs into our transportation systems.