ENERGY-EFFICIENT WIFI TECHNOLOGIES FOR IOT DEVICES

Abstract

The fast spread of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has transformed several industries, including healthcare, agriculture, smart homes, and industrial automation. These gadgets, which can generate and gather massive amounts of data, have transformed decision-making processes and automation capabilities. However, one basic difficulty for IoT devices is their dependency on battery power, making energy efficiency a top priority. While WiFi is one of the most widely used communication protocols for IoT, its typical implementation frequently consumes a lot of energy, making it unsuitable for battery-powered devices. This study digs into energy-efficient WiFi technologies precisely tuned for IoT devices. This study aims to thoroughly examine ways to optimize WiFi usage to prolong battery life while maintaining stable connectivity and data transfer speeds. The topic opens with a look at low-power WiFi protocols like IEEE 802.11ah (WiFi HaLow) and 802.11ax (WiFi 6), which provide novel features to improve energy efficiency and connectivity range. The paper looks at duty cycling, a strategy for occasionally powering down WiFi antennas during idle times to save energy, and adaptive data rate adjustment, which optimizes data transfer rates based on network conditions. This research explains why choosing power-efficient WiFi chipsets and antenna designs is essential for devices since they reduce power consumption without sacrificing signal quality. The need for lightweight IoT operating systems and power management techniques to reduce energy overhead is also discussed. The research introduces cutting-edge technologies such as WiFi sleep mode optimization and edge processing to reduce energy consumption further and enhance overall IoT performance. These advancements improve not just battery life but also IoT ecosystems' long-term viability, stability, and efficiency.